A GRAMMATICAL COHESION FOUND IN H.E. RETNO LESTARI PRIANSARI MARSUDI’S SPEECH ”MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF INDONESIA AT THE 79TH SESSION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY GENERAL DEBATE”

Abstract

This study investigates the use of grammatical cohesion in the speech delivered by H.E. Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi, the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Indonesia, at the 79th Session of the United Nations General Assembly. The objective is to identify and analyze the types and functions of grammatical cohesion used to construct effective diplomatic discourse. This qualitative descriptive research focuses on four main types of grammatical cohesion: reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. The findings show that nine out of thirteen subtypes of grammatical cohesion are present in the speech, including personal, demonstrative, and comparative reference; nominal substitution; clausal ellipsis; and additive, adversative, causal, and temporal conjunctions. These cohesive devices contribute significantly to the clarity persuasiveness of the speech, enhancing its rhetorical impact in an international diplomatic context. The study concludes that grammatical cohesion plays a vital role in strengthening the communicative effectiveness of political discourse. Keywords: cohesion, grammatical cohesion, speech