PROTAGONIST’S SUFFERING IN LOUISA MAY ALCOTT’S LITTLE WOMEN

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to understand the causes of suffering experienced by Beth in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. It seeks to identify and analyze the various factors contributing to her hardships, including economic challenges, illness, societal expectations, and the dynamics of her personal relationships. Furthermore, the research aims to explore the survival mechanisms that Beth employs as she navigates her suffering. This involves highlighting her resilience and examining the vital support she receives from her family and community. By focusing on these aspects, the study endeavors to illuminate the themes of personal growth and endurance in the face of adversity. The study employs Anderson's theory of suffering, which categorizes it into three types: physical, mental, and social. Physical suffering includes pain and injuries resulting from self-infliction or external causes, while mental suffering involves psychological distress, such as self-harm and low self-esteem. Social suffering arises from interpersonal interactions and manifests in issues such as collective starvation, bullying, and discrimination. Additionally, the theory of sources of suffering is utilized to understand the complexities of Beth's suffering and her survival mechanisms in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data is collected through in-depth text analysis, focusing on language, dialogue, and character actions to identify the causes of Beth's suffering and explore her survival mechanisms. The research provides a comprehensive picture of the characters' emotional and psychological landscapes, illustrating how their experiences of suffering shape their identities and relationships in the context of 19th century societal norms. Keywords: Little Women, Louisa May Alcott, Beth, Causes of Suffering, Survival Mechanisms, Moral lessons, Women's struggle, Value of family, 19th century