SYMPTOMS AND CAUSES OF TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCESINLEILA S. CHUDORI’S NOVEL FOR NADIRA

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the traumatic experiences and their effects in the novel For Nadira written by Leila S. Chudori. She is an Indonesian author who has written various journal and literary works in which one of them is awarded the Khatulistiwa Literary Award in 2013. A traumatic condition occurs due to events (single or continuous) of which the intensity is beyond everyday human experience or which are interpreted as extraordinary by individuals, causing feelings of anxiety, fear and helplessness which have a negative impact on the quality of life physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially. The writer chooses this title to determine two objectives, first to reveal the symptoms of the traumatic experiences and second to explain the causes of traumatic experiences using theory of trauma from Irwanto and Hani Kumala (2020). This research is completed by using descriptive qualitative method. The data is taken from the novel For Nadira, Leila S. Chudori.The result of this traumatic experiences can make individual felt panic and constant fear, sensitive when awake and asleep, excessive anger when a traumatic experience is recalled, a sense of hatred for the person associated with the traumatic experience. Keywords: Symptoms, Causes, Traumatic Experiences