PENGARUH PEMANGKASAN DAN PEMBENAMAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BEBERAPA JENIS GULMA SEBAGAI COVER CROP DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT

Abstract

RINGKASAN Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Naga Rejo Kelurahan Tanjung Morawa, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan ketinggian tempat ± 26 meter dpl dengan topografi datar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Januari 2022 sampai dengan Bulan Mei 2022. Penelitian ini dibimbing oleh oleh Ibu Dr. Yeni Asbur, S.P.,M.P, sebagai Ketua Pembimbing dan Bapak Ir. Markhaini, M.s., sebagai Anggota Pembimbing. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemangkasan dan pembenaman terhadap pertumbuhan beberapa jenis gulma sebagai cover crop di perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai cover crop di perkebunan kelapa sawit menghasilkanPenelitian menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan tiga ulangan dan kombinasi pemangkasan pucuk dan pembenaman sebagai perlakuan. Perlakuan kombinasi pemangkasan pucuk dan pembenaman (P) terdiri dari 9 taraf, yaitu: P1: Gulma berdaun lebar (Asystasia gangetica L. (T.) Anderson) tanpa dipangkas dan tanpa dibenam. P2: Gulma pakisan (Nephrolepis biserrata) tanpa dipangkas dan tanpa dibenam. P3: Gulma berdaun sempit (Paspalum conjugatum) tanpa dipangkas dan tanpa dibenam. P4: Gulma A. gangetica dipangkas 60 hari setelah tanam (HST) tanpa dibenam. P5: Gulma N. biserrata dipangkas 60 (HST) tanpa dibenam. P6: Gulma P. conjugatum dipangkas 60 (HST) tanpa dibenam. P7: Gulma A. gangetica dipangkas 60 (HST) dan dibenam. P8: Gulma N. biserrata dipangkas 60 (HST) dan dibenam. P9: Gulma P. conjugatum dipangkas 60 (HST) dan dibenam. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot basah, bobot kering, jumlah dan jenis gulma lain dan serapan hara N, P, K. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanpa dipangkas dan dibenam, perlakuan dipangkas setelah 60 (HST) tanpa dibenam dan perlakuan dipangkas setelah 60 (HST) dan dibenam. Memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadapsemua pengamatan yaitu jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot basah, bobot kering, jumlah dan jenis gulma lain dan serapan hara N, P, K.ii SUMMARY This research was conducted in Naga Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa Village, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province with an altitude of ± 26 meters above sea level with a flat topography. This research was conducted in January 2022 to May 2022. This research was supervised by Dr. Mrs. Yeni Asbur, S.P., M.P, as the Chief Advisor and Mr. Ir. Markhaini, M.s., as a Advisory Member. This study aims to determine the effect of pruning and immersion on the growth of several types of weeds as cover crops in smallholder oil palm plantations so that they can be used as cover crops in oil palm plantations. immersion as a treatment. The combination treatment of shoot pruning and immersion (P) consisted of 9 levels, namely: P1: Broadleaf weed (Asystasia gangetica L. (T.) Anderson) without pruning and without immersing. P2: Fern weed (Nephrolepis biserrata) without pruning and without planting. P3: Narrowleaved weed (Paspalum conjugatum) without pruning and without planting. P4: Weeds of A. gangetica were pruned 60 days after planting (DAT) without planting. P5: Weeds of N. biserrata were pruned 60 (DAT) without submerging. P6: P. conjugatum weeds were pruned 60 (DAT) without submerging. P7: Weeds of A. gangetica were pruned 60 (HST) and buried. P8: Weeds of N. biserrata were pruned 60 (DAT) and buried. P9: P. conjugatum weeds were pruned 60 (DAT) and buried. Parameters observed were number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, dry weight, number and types of other weeds and nutrient uptake of N, P, K. The results showed that the treatment was trimmed and immersed, the treatment was trimmed after 60 (HST) without immersion and the treatment was trimmed after 60 (HST) and immersed. It gave a significant effect on all observations, namely the number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight, dry weight, number and types of other weeds and nutrient uptake of N, P, K.